Dart Industries Inc v The Decor Corporation Pty Ltd and Rian Tooling Industries Pty Ltd
179 CLR 101Dart Industries Inc
vThe Decor Corporation Pty Ltd and Rian Tooling Industries Pty Ltd
Judges:
Mason CJ
Deane J
Dawson J
Toohey J
McHugh J
Legislative References:
Patents Act 1952 - The Act
Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 - s 31(1)
Patents Act 1952 - s 93(b); s 94
Judgment date: 29 September 1993
Order
Appeal dismissed with costs.
Application for special leave to cross-appeal refused with costs.
Vary the order of the Full Court of the Federal Court by replacing in para3 the word "contributed" by the words "are attributable".
The patent infringement proceedings are reported in Dart Industries Inc v Decor Corporation Pty Ltd (1988) 11 IPR 385 and Decor Corporation Pty Ltd v Dart Industries Inc (1988) 13 IPR 385 .
Dart Industries Inc v Decor Corporation Pty Ltd (1990) 20 IPR 144 , at 152.
ibid, at 154.
Decor Corporation Pty Ltd v Dart Industries Inc (1991) 104 ALR 621 , at 629.
ibid, at 631-632.
See Neilson v Betts (1871) LR 5 HL 1 , at 22; Lever v Goodwin (1887) 36 Ch D 1 , at 7; Patents Act 1990 (Cth), s122(1).
cf Meagher, Gummow and Lehane, Equity: Doctrines and Remedies, 3rd ed (1992), at 659-660.
(1968) 122 CLR 25 , at 34.
See Patents Act 1952 (Cth), s118(1); Patents Act 1990 (Cth), s122.
My Kinda Town Ltd v Soll [1983] RPC 15 , at 55; Potton Ltd v Yorkclose Ltd (1989) 17 FSR 11 , at 14, 15; Sheldon v Metro-Goldwyn Pictures Corp (1940) 309 US 390 , at 399.
See Baltic Shipping Co v Dillon (1993) 176 CLR 344 , at 376.
See Siddell v Vickers (1892) 9 RPC 152 , at 162-163; My Kinda Town Ltd v Soll [1983] RPC, at 57-58.
See Odeon Associated Theatres Ltd v Jones [1973] Ch 288 , at 294, 299, 305; Federal Commissioner of Taxation v St Hubert's Island Pty Ltd (In Liq) (1978) 138 CLR 210 , at 228.
(1926) 26 SR(NSW) 585.
ibid, at 591.
ibid, at 593.
Dart Industries Inc v Decor Corporation Pty Ltd (1990) 20 IPR, at 151.
(1968) 122 CLR, at 39.
Kohler's Dictionary for Accountants, 6th ed (1983), at 362-363.
(1980) 620 F 2 d 1166, at 1175.
See My Kinda Town Ltd v Soll [1983] RPC, at 55.
See, eg, Crosley v The Derby Gas-Light Co (1838) 3 My and Cr 428 [ 40 ER 992 ]; Peter Pan Manufacturing Corp v Corsets Silhouette Ltd [1963] RPC 45 , at 59-60; My Kinda Town Ltd v Soll [1983] RPC 15 ; Potton Ltd v Yorkclose Ltd (1989) 17 FSR 11 .
(1874) 90 US 518 .
ibid, at 528-529.
cf the example given by Hodgson J in E I Du Pont de Nemours and Co v Commissioner of Patents (No.3) (1989) 15 IPR 296 , at 307.
(1934) 72 F 2 d 163.
ibid, at 165.
ibid, at 166.
Schnadig Corp v Gaines Manufacturing Co Inc (1980) 620 F 2 d, at 1174: cf Sheldon v Metro-Goldwyn Pictures Corp. (1939) 106 F 2 d 45, at 54; Alfred Bell and Co Ltd v Catalda Fine Arts Inc (1949) 86 F Supp 399, at 415; with Carter Products Inc v Colgate-Palmolive Co (1963) 214 F Supp 383, at 403.
(1940) 309 US 390 .
ibid, at 409.
(1939) 106 F 2 d, at 52.
(1943) 139 F 2 d 264.
See Frank Music Corp v Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc (1985) 772 F 2 d 505, at 516.
[1983] RPC, at 57.
(1926) 26 SR(NSW), at 593.
See, eg, Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Co v Wagner Electric and Manufacturing Co (1912) 225 US 604 , at 620-622; Duplate Corp v Triplex Safety Glass Co (1936) 298 US 448 , at 458.
(1990) 20 IPR, at 152.
(1843) 2 Hare 543 , at 560 [ 67 ER 224 , at 231].
(1990) 20 IPR, at 152.
ibid, at 154.
(1991) 104 ALR, at 630-631.
(1968) 122 CLR, at 42-43.
See Baffsky v Brewis (1976) 51 ALJR 170 , at 172; 12 ALR 435 , at 438; The Commonwealth v Introvigne (1982) 150 CLR 258 , at 262, 274; Muschinski v Dodds (1985) 160 CLR 583 , at 590.
Webster's New International Dictionary, 2nd ed unabridged, cited in Sammons v Colonial Press (1942) 126 F 2 d 341, at 350-351 and Alfred Bell and Co v Catalda Fine Arts (1949) 86 F Supp 399, at 415.
Patents Act 1952, s118(1); Patents Act 1990, s122; Cartier v Carlile (1862) 31 Beav 292 [ 54 ER 1151 ]; Colbeam Palmer Ltd v Stock Affiliates Pty Ltd (1968) 122 CLR 25 , at 43.
Potton Limited v Yorkclose Limited (1989) 17 FSR 11 , at 15.
Sheldon v Metro-Goldwyn Corp (1940) 309 US 390 , at 399; My Kinda Town Ltd v Soll [1983] RPC 15 , at 55; Potton (1989) 17 FSR, at 15.
Kohler's Dictionary for Accountants, 6th ed (1983), at 362-363.
(1980) 620 F 2 d 1166, at 1175.
The concept of opportunity cost was also recognised by this Court, although in a different context to the present case, in Hungerfords v Walker (1989) 171 CLR 125 , at 143.
Depending upon the circumstances, however, the absorption may not be as great as in the case where the product first chosen is capable of being added to the range.
(1980) 620 F 2 d, at 1172.
Siddell v Vickers (1892) 9 RPC 152 , at 162.
(1992) 110 ALR 301 , at 319-320; see also Odeon Theatres v Jones [1973] 1 Ch. 288, at 299.
Kohler, op cit, at 257.
Hirsch, Advanced Management Accounting, (1988), at 50-51.
Helmkamp, Managerial Accounting, (1987), at 165, 239, 550; Hirsch, op cit, at 51.
Helmkamp, op cit, at 239; Hirsch, op cit, at 51.
(1942) 126 F 2 d, at 348.
See Alfred Bell (1949) 86 F Supp, at 415.
(1979) 79 ATC 4 , 352.
(1989) 15 IPR 296 .
ibid, at 307.
(1986) 4 NSWLR 566 , at 571.
(1968) 122 CLR, at 44.
Vol 3, 14.03[B]; see also McCarthy, Trademarks and Unfair Competition, 2nd ed (1984), vol 2, s30:26B
(1874) 90 US 518 .
ibid, at 528-529.
(1980) 620 F 2 d, at 1172.
(1939) 106 F 2 d 45, at 54.
ibid
See Sheldon v Metro-Goldwin Corp (1940) 309 US 390 .
(1904) 70 NE 480 (Mass)
(1906) 77 NE 774 .
(1963) 214 F Supp 383.
ibid, at 402.
See for example, Century Distilling Co v Continental Distilling Corp (1953) 205 F 2 d (3d Cir) 140.
(1980) 620 F 2 d, at 1174.
(1926) 26 SR(NSW) 585.
ibid, at 593.
(1968) 122 CLR 25 .
ibid, at 39.
cf Leplastrier (1926) 26 SR(NSW) 585.
Teledyne Industries Inc v Lido Industrial Products (1982) 68 CPR (2d) 204, esp at 210-214; followed in Hutton v Canadian Broadcasting Corp (1989) 29 CPR (3d) 398, at 458-459.
Teledyne (1982) 68 CPR (2d), at 210.
(1949) 86 F Supp, at 415.
(1984) 752 F 2 d 1326, at 1333.
(1939) 106 F 2 d 45; approved by the United States Supreme Court in Sheldon v Metro-Goldwyn Corp (1940) 309 US 390 .
(1985) 772 F 2 d 505, at 516.
See Kamar (1984) 752 F 2 d, at 1333; Taylor v Meirick (1983) 712 F 2 d 1112 (7th Cir), at 1121-1122.
(1942) 126 F 2 d, at 349. For an illustration where the defendant did not satisfy this burden of proof, see Manhattan Industries v Sweater Bee By Banf Ltd (1989) 885 F 2 d 1 (2d Cir), at 7-8.
Sheldon (1940) 309 US, at 408; also see Frank Music (1985) 772 F 2 d, at 516; Manhattan Industries (1989) 885 F 2 d, at 7-8.
(1985) 772 F 2 d, at 516; also see Myers v Callaghan (1885) 24 F 636 (CCND Ill), at 638, 639; same case on appeal, sub nom. Callaghan v Myers (1888) 128 US 617 ; Sheldon (1939) 106 F 2 d, at 52, 53; affirmed (1940) 309 US 409 ; Levin Bros v Davis Mfg Co (1934) 72 F 2 d 163 (8th Cir); Ruth v Stearns-Roger Mfg Co (1935) 13 F Supp 697 (DCD Colo); Sheldon v Moredall Realty Corporation (1939) 29 F Supp 729 (DCSDNY), at 731.
(1870) 76 US 788 , at 804; cited with approval in Sammons (1942) 126 F 2 d, at 348-349.
See Frank Music (1985) 772 F 2 d, at 516; Kamar (1984) 752 F 2 d 1326; Aitken, Hazen, Hoffman, Miller v Empire Construction Company (1982) 542 F Supp 252; Wolfe v National Lead Co (1959) 272 F 2 d 867 (9th Cir); Sammons (1942) 126 F 2 d 341.
See for example, McCarthy, op cit, 30:26B.
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