Miscellaneous Taxation Ruling
MT 2012/2A3 - Addendum
Miscellaneous taxes: application of the income tax and GST laws to deferred transfer farm-out arrangements
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Addendum
This Addendum is a public ruling for the purposes of the Taxation Administration Act 1953. It amends Miscellaneous Taxation Ruling MT 2012/2 to update references to legislative instruments and address accessibility issues.
MT 2012/2 is amended as follows:
(a) Omit the heading; substitute 'Class of arrangement or scheme'.
(b) Before the table, insert a table caption:
Table 1: Deferred transfer farm-out arrangements to which this Ruling applies
In footnote 20, omit 'GSTR 2001/6: non-monetary consideration', insert 'GSTR 2001/6 Goods and services tax: non-monetary consideration'.
(a) Omit 'A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) (Particular Attribution Rules Where Total Consideration Not Known) Determination (No. 1) 2000'; substitute 'Goods and Services Tax: Particular Attribution Rules Where Total Consideration Not Known Determination 2017'.
(b) Omit the wording of footnote 52; substitute:
This legislative instrument (registration number: F2017L00425) is available on the Federal Register of Legislation and replicated at https://ato.gov.au/law/view/document?DocID=GLD/PAR20178/00001&PiT=99991231235958.
(a) Omit 'A New Tax System (Particular Attribution Rules Where Supply or Acquisition Made Under a Contract Subject to Preconditions) Determination 2012'; substitute 'A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Attribution Rules for Deferred Transfer Farm-out Arrangements Determination 2022'.
(b) Omit the wording of footnote 53; substitute:
This legislative instrument (registration number: F2022L01265) is available on the Federal Register of Legislation and replicated at https://ato.gov.au/law/view/document?DocID=OPS/LI202232/00001&PiT=99991231235958.
Before the table, insert a caption:
Table 2: Outcome from Example 1 for the Farmor
Omit 'A New Tax System (Particular Attribution Rules Where Supply or Acquisition Made Under a Contract Subject to Preconditions) Determination 2012'; substitute 'A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Attribution Rules for Deferred Transfer Farm-out Arrangements Determination 2022'.
Before the table, insert a caption:
Table 3: Outcome from Example 1 for the Farmee
(a) Omit '1 and 2 that follow'; substitute '4 to 9 that follow. All legislative references in these tables are to the ITAA 1997 unless otherwise stated and all amounts are GST-exclusive'.
(b) Omit tables 1 and 2, including the table captions and footnotes; substitute:
Event | Assessable or deductible | Timing |
---|---|---|
1 Farmor Co grants Farmee Co the right to acquire a 60% interest in the mining tenement for a payment of $1,000. | $1,000 subsection 102-5(1)
CGT event D2 happens under section 104-40. Capital gain equals $1,000.69A (See paragraphs 39 and 40 of this Ruling.) |
When the farm-out agreement is entered into. |
2 Farmor Co grants Farmee Co exclusive use and access rights for a payment of $70,000 and further payments of up to $100,000. | $70,000 + up to $100,000
section 6-5 The receipt of the payments is treated on revenue account and is assessable under section 6-5. (See paragraph 43 of this Ruling) |
|
3 Expenditure is incurred by Farmor Co as holder of the mining tenement for fees, rents, rates and other outgoings relating to the maintenance of the mining tenement (effectively met by Farmee Co as part of the farm-out arrangement). | Up to ($100,000) section 8-1
(See paragraph 45 of this Ruling.) |
When the expenditure is incurred. |
Summary of events 1 to 3 | Net capital gain = $1,000
Net revenue income = $70,000 |
Not applicable |
Event | Assessable or deductible | Timing |
---|---|---|
4 Farmor Co transfers the 60% interest in the mining tenement as Farmee Co completes its earn-in obligations and exercises the right to acquire an interest in the mining tenement.
Farmor Co receives an exploration benefit of $499,000 and the $1,000 cash payment in relation to the grant of the right. Any capital gain or capital loss made on the grant of the right (CGT event D2) is subsequently disregarded. (See paragraphs 57 and 58 of this Ruling.) |
CGT outcome
($1,000) reversal of the amount included in an earlier income year. (See paragraph 57 of this Ruling.) UCA outcome $1,000 under table item 1 of paragraph 40-305(1)(b) $499,000 under table item 4 of paragraph 40-305(1)(b) (See paragraphs 51 and 58 of this Ruling.) |
When Farmee Co exercises the right to acquire the interest in the mining tenement on the basis that Farmee Co begins to hold the interest at that time. |
5 Farmor Co expends the 60% interest in the mining tenement partly in return for the exploration benefit. | ($499,000) subsection 40-730(1)
(See paragraphs 52 to 56 of this Ruling.) |
When Farmee Co exercises the right to acquire the interest in the mining tenement on the basis that Farmor Co has an obligation to transfer the interest at that time. |
Summary of events 4 and 5 | ($1,000) amendment in relation to CGT event D2 in an earlier year
$1,000 current year |
Not applicable |
(c) In the first row of new Table 4, after 'Capital gain equals $1,000.', insert new footnote 69A:
69A A capital gain is made that is equal to the capital proceeds ($1,000) less the expenditure incurred in granting the right. This assumes that the expenditure incurred in granting the right is nil. Any capital gain made under CGT event D2 is subsequently disregarded to the extent that the right is exercised and the interest in the mining tenement is transferred to Farmee Co.
(d) After the paragraph, insert new paragraphs 117A and 117B:
117A. Assume in Table 6 below that Farmee Co has spent $345,000 of its $1,150,000 and the pro-rata exploration benefit is $100,000 in year 1 and $50,000 in year 269B over the 1.5 years that the agreement was on foot.
Event | Assessable or deductible | Timing |
---|---|---|
6 Farmee Co notifies Farmor Co that it is withdrawing from the agreement. | Non-cash business benefit $100,000 in year 1.
Non-cash business benefit $50,000 in year 2. Otherwise, deductible amount is $100,000 in year 1 and $50,000 in year 2. Therefore, no amount to be included in Farmor Co's assessable income. Section 21 and subsections 21A(1), 21A(2) and 21A(3) of the ITAA 1936. (See paragraphs 74 to 76 of this Ruling.) Note: The outcome from this event is the alternative outcome to the outcomes from events 4 and 5. |
Not applicable |
Event | Assessable or deductible | Timing |
---|---|---|
1 Farmee Co acquires a CGT asset being the right to acquire the interest. | Cost base of $1,000.
(See paragraph 41 of this Ruling.) [If the $1,000 is not deductible, capital loss under CGT event C2 equal to $1,000 upon ending of the right.] (See paragraph 42 of this Ruling.) |
When the farm-out agreement is entered into.
[In the income year in which the right ends.] |
2 Farmee Co pays for the rights to exclusive use and access. | ($70,000) + up to ($100,000) section 8-1
(See paragraph 46 of this Ruling.) [If the $170,000 is not deductible, capital loss under CGT event C2 equal to $170,000 upon ending of the rights.] (See paragraph 47 of this Ruling.) |
When the expenditure is incurred.
[In the income year in which the rights end.] |
Summary of events 1 and 2 | ($170,000)
[Capital loss of $171,000 upon ending of both rights if $171,000 is not deductible.] |
Not applicable |
Event | Assessable or deductible | Timing |
---|---|---|
3 Farmee Co has already made a cash payment of $1,000 for the right to acquire the interest. Farmee Co also provides an exploration benefit of $499,000 to Farmor Co in return for Farmor Co transferring a 60% interest in the mining tenement to Farmee Co. | ($1,000) under table item 1 of paragraph 40-185(1)(b)
($499,000) under table item 4 of paragraph 40-185(1)(b) $500,000 is the first element of cost of the interest in the mining tenement and immediately deductible if Farmee Co's 60% interest is first used for exploration or prospecting: subsections 40-25(1) and 40-80(1) (See paragraphs 64 to 68 of this Ruling.) |
When Farmee Co's 60% interest in the mining tenement is first used for exploration or prospecting if it is immediately deductible.
Alternatively, when the interest in the mining tenement starts to decline in value under subsection 40-25(1). (See paragraphs 65 to 68 of this Ruling.) |
4 Farmee Co provides an exploration benefit (on revenue account) to Farmor Co for which Farmee Co earns part of its 60% interest in the mining tenement. | $499,000 section 6-5
$499,000 of the interest in the mining tenement earned by Farmee Co is attributable to its provision of the exploration benefit. (See paragraphs 70 and 71 of this Ruling.) |
When Farmee Co exercises the right to acquire the interest in the mining tenement. |
5 Farmee Co incurs exploration expenditure in the course of undertaking the exploration it committed to under the agreement. | ($1,150,000)
subsection 40-730(1) or section 8-1 (See paragraphs 69 and 72 of this Ruling.) |
When the expenditure is incurred. |
Summary of events 3 to 5 | ($1,151,000) | Not applicable |
117B. Assume for the purposes of Table 9 below that Farmee Co has spent $345,000 of its $1,150,000 and the pro-rata exploration benefit is $100,000 in year 1 and $50,000 in year 269C over the 1.5 years that the agreement was on foot.
Event | Assessable or deductible | Timing |
---|---|---|
6 Farmee Co incurs exploration expenditure while the agreement is on foot. | ($345,000)
subsection 40-730(1) or section 8-1 (See paragraphs 77 to 79 of this Ruling.) |
When the expenditure is incurred. |
7 Farmee Co's right to acquire the interest ends. | ($1,000)
Capital loss under CGT event C2 equal to capital proceeds of zero less cost base of $1,000 upon ending of the right.69D (See paragraph 42 of this Ruling.) |
In the income year in which the right ends. |
Summary of events 6 to 7 | ($345,000) allowable deduction
($1,000) capital loss Note: The outcomes from events 6 and 7 are the alternative outcomes to the outcomes from events 3, 4 and 5. |
Not applicable |
(e) In paragraph 117A, after '$50,000 in year 2', insert new footnote 69B:
69B For example, a pro-rata of $345,000 ÷ $1,150,000 × $500,000 = $150,000.
(f) In new paragraph 117B, after '$50,000 in year 2', insert new footnote 69C:
69C For example, a pro-rata of $345,000 ÷ $1,150,000 × $500,000 = $150,000.
(g) In the third row of Table 9, after 'upon ending of the right.', insert new footnote 69D:
69D This reflects the outcome in event 1 where the $1,000 is not deductible.
(a) Omit 'summarised in Table 3 that follows'; substitute 'summarised in Tables 10 to 12 that follow'.
(b) Omit Table 3, including caption and footnotes; substitute:
Event | GST payable or input tax credits (ITCs) | Attribution to a tax period (non-cash basis) |
---|---|---|
1 Farmor Co makes a taxable supply of the right to acquire an interest in the mining tenement. | GST payable of $100
($1,000 × 10% = $100; GST-inclusive price of $1,100) (See paragraphs 83 to 86 of this Ruling.) |
When an invoice is issued or any of the consideration is received, whichever is earlier. |
2 Farmor makes a taxable supply of the exclusive use and access rights. | GST payable of $7,000 + up to $10,000
($70,000 × 10% = $7,000; GST-inclusive price of $77,000) ($100,000 × 10% = $10,000; GST-inclusive price of $110,000) (See paragraphs 83 to 86 of this Ruling.) |
When an invoice is issued or any of the consideration is received, whichever is earlier; or according to the legislative determination if total consideration is not known (Goods and Services Tax: Particular Attribution Rules Where Total Consideration is Not Known Determination 2017). |
3 Farmee Co makes a creditable acquisition of the right (option) to acquire an interest in the mining tenement. | ITC entitlement of $100
(one-eleventh of $1,100 GST-inclusive) (See paragraphs 83 to 86 of this Ruling.) |
When an invoice is issued or any of the consideration is provided, whichever is earlier. |
4 Farmee Co makes a creditable acquisition of exclusive use and access rights. | ITCs claimable of $7,000 + up to $10,000
one-eleventh of $77,000 GST-inclusive) + up to (one-eleventh of $110,000 GST-inclusive) (See paragraphs 83 to 86 of this Ruling.) |
When an invoice is issued or any of the consideration is provided, whichever is earlier; or according to the legislative determination if total consideration is not known )( Goods and Services Tax: Particular Attribution Rules Where Total Consideration is Not Known Determination 2017). Farmee Co must also hold a tax invoice. |
Event | GST payable or input tax credits (ITCs) | Attribution to a tax period (non-cash basis) |
---|---|---|
5 Farmor Co makes a taxable supply of the interest in the mining tenement (additional consideration71A is the exploration benefit). | GST payable of $49,900
($499,000 × 10% = $49,900; GST-inclusive price of $548,900) (See paragraphs 87 to 90 of this Ruling.) |
When Farmee Co exercises the right to acquire the interest in the mining tenement. See Determination mentioned at paragraph 88 of this Ruling. |
6 Farmor Co makes a creditable acquisition of the exploration benefit (consideration is the interest in the mining tenement). | ITC entitlement of $49,900
(one-eleventh of $548,900 GST-inclusive) (See paragraphs 91 to 94 of this Ruling.) |
When an invoice is issued or any of the consideration is provided, whichever is earlier. Farmor Co must also hold a tax invoice. |
7 Farmee Co makes a taxable supply of the exploration benefit to Farmor co. | GST payable of $49,900
($499,000 × 10% = $49,900; GST-inclusive price of $548,900) (See paragraphs 99 to 102 of this Ruling.) |
When an invoice is issued or any of the consideration is received, whichever is earlier. |
8 Farmee Co makes a creditable acquisition of the interest in the mining tenement (consideration is the exploration benefit). | ITC entitlement of $49,900
(one-eleventh of $548,900 GST-inclusive) (See paragraphs 103 to 107 of this Ruling.) |
When Farmee Co exercises the right to acquire the interest in the mining tenement and holds a tax invoice. See Determination mentioned at paragraph 104 of this Ruling. |
Summary | Farmor Co:
Farmee Co:
|
Not applicable |
(c) In Table 11, in the first row, after 'additional consideration', insert new footnote 71A:
71A Subsection 9-17(1) of the GST Act.
(d) After the paragraph, insert new paragraph 118A:
118A. Assume for the purposes of Table 12 below that Farmee Co has spent $345,000 of its $1,150,000 and the pro-rata exploration benefit is $150,00071B (approximately) over the 1.5 years that the agreement was on foot.
Event | GST payable or input tax credits (ITCs) | Attribution to a tax period (non-cash basis) |
---|---|---|
9 Farmor Co does not transfer a 60% interest in the mining tenement to Farmee Co. | Farmor Co:
No further GST consequences as there is no supply of the interest in the mining tenement by Farmor Co. Farmee Co: No further GST consequences as there is no acquisition of the interest in the mining tenement. (See paragraphs 109 and 110 of this Ruling.) |
Not applicable |
(e) After 'exploration benefit is $150,000' in new paragraph 118A, insert new footnote 71B:
71B For example, a pro-rata of $345,000 ÷ $1,150,000 × $500,000 = $150,000.
(a) Omit 'Tables 4 and 5 that follow.'; substitute 'Tables 13 to 18 that follow. All legislative references in these tables are to the ITAA 1997 and all amounts are GST-exclusive.'
(b) Omit Table 4, including caption and footnote; substitute:
Event | Assessable or deductible | Timing |
---|---|---|
1 Farmor Co grants Farmee Co the right to acquire up to a 60% interest for a payment of $1,000. | $1,000 subsection 102-5(1)
CGT event D2 happens under section 104-40. Capital gain equals $1,000.73A (See paragraphs 39 and 40 of this Ruling.) |
When the farm-out agreement is entered into. |
2 Farmor Co grants Farmee Co exclusive use and access rights for a payment of $70,000 and further payments of up to $100,000. | $70,000 + up to $100,000 section 6-5
The receipt of the payments is treated on revenue account and is assessable under section 6-5. (See paragraph 43 of this Ruling.) |
$70,000 when the farm-out agreement is entered into.
Up to $100,000 as and when the income is derived. |
3 Expenditure is incurred by Farmor Co as holder of the tenement for fees, rents, rates and other outgoings relating to the maintenance of the tenement (effectively met by Farmee Co as part of the farm-out agreement). | Up to ($100,000) section 8-1
(See paragraph 45 of this Ruling.) |
When the expenditure is incurred. |
Summary of events 1 to 3 | Net capital gain = $1,000
Net revenue income = $70,000 |
Not applicable |
Event | Assessable or deductible | Timing |
---|---|---|
4 Farmor Co transfers the first tranche 30% interest in the mining tenement as Farmee Co completes the first tranche earn-in obligations and exercises the right to acquire that tranche.
Farmor Co receives an exploration benefit and cash payment in relation to the grant of the right, proportionate to the percentage interest transferred (that is, 50% of the total interest to potentially be transferred). Any capital gain or capital loss made on the grant of the right (CGT event D2) is subsequently disregarded. (See paragraphs 57 and 58 of this Ruling). |
CGT outcome
($500) reversal of the amount included in an earlier income year (See paragraph 57 of this Ruling.) UCA outcome $500 under table item 1 of paragraph 40-305(1)(b) $249,500 under table item 4 of paragraph 40-305(1)(b). (See paragraphs 51 and 58 of this Ruling.) |
When Farmee Co exercises the right to acquire the interest in the mining tenement for the first tranche on the basis that Farmee Co begins to hold the interest at that time. |
5 Farmor Co expends the first tranche 30% interest in the mining tenement partly in return for the proportionate share of the exploration benefit relating to that 30% interest. | ($249,500)
subsection 40730(1) (See paragraphs 52 to 56 of this Ruling.) |
When Farmee Co exercises the right to acquire the interest in the mining tenement for the first tranche on the basis that Farmor Co has an obligation to transfer the interest at that time. |
Summary of events 4 and 5 | ($500) amendment in relation to CGT event D2 in an earlier year
$500 current year |
Not applicable |
Event | Assessable or deductible | Timing |
---|---|---|
6 Farmor Co transfers the second tranche 30% interest in the mining tenement as Farmee Co completes the second tranche earn-in obligations and exercises the right to acquire that tranche.
Farmor Co receives the remaining proportionate share of the exploration benefit and cash payment in relation to the grant of the right. The CGT consequences are as for event 4. |
CGT outcome
($500) reversal of the amount included in an earlier income year (See paragraph 57 of this Ruling.) UCA outcome $500 under table item 1 of paragraph 40-305(1)(b) $249,500 under table item 4 of paragraph 40-305(1)(b). (See paragraphs 51 and 58 of this Ruling.) |
When Farmee Co exercises the right to acquire the interest in the mining tenement for the second tranche on the basis that Farmee Co begins to hold the interest at that time. |
7 Farmor Co expends the second tranche 30% interest in the mining tenement partly in return for the proportionate share of the exploration benefit relating to that 30% interest. | ($249,500)
subsection 40-730(1) (See paragraphs 52 to 56 of this Ruling.) |
When Farmee Co exercises the right to acquire the interest in the mining tenement for the second tranche on the basis that Farmor Co has an obligation to transfer the interest at that time. |
Summary of events 6 and 7 | ($500) amendment in relation to CGT event D2 in an earlier year
$500 current year |
Not applicable |
Event | Assessable or deductible | Timing |
---|---|---|
1 Farmee Co acquires a CGT asset being the right to acquire up to a 60% interest. | Cost base of $1,000
(see paragraph 41 of this Ruling) [If the $1,000 is not deductible, capital loss under CGT event C2 equal to $1,000 upon ending of the right] (See paragraph 42 of this Ruling.) |
When the farm-out agreement is entered into.
[In the income year in which the right ends.] |
2 Farmee Co pays for the rights to exclusive use and access. | ($70,000) + up to ($100,000)
section 8-1 (See paragraph 46 of this Ruling.) [If the $170,000 is not deductible, capital loss under CGT event C2 equal to $170,000 upon ending of the rights.] (See paragraph 47 of this Ruling.) |
When the expenditure is incurred.
[In the income year in which the rights end.] |
Summary | ($170,000)
[Capital loss of $171,000 upon ending of both rights if $171,000 is not deductible.] |
Not applicable |
Event | Assessable or deductible | Timing |
---|---|---|
3 Farmee Co completes the first tranche earn-in obligations and exercises the right to acquire that tranche. The exploration benefit and cash payment is proportionate to the percentage interest transferred. | ($500) under table item 1 of paragraph 40-185(1)(b)
($249,500) under table item 4 of paragraph 40-185(1)(b) $250,000 is the first element of cost of the interest in the mining tenement and immediately deductible if Farmee Co's 30% interest is first used for exploration or prospecting: subsections 40-25(1) and 40-80(1) (See paragraphs 64 to 68 of this Ruling.) |
When Farmee Co's 30% interest in the mining tenement is first used for exploration or prospecting if it is immediately deductible.
Alternatively, when the interest in the mining tenement starts to decline in value under subsection 40-25(1). (See paragraphs 65 to 68 of this Ruling.) |
4 Farmee Co provides an exploration benefit (on revenue account) to Farmor Co for which Farmee Co earns its first 30% interest in the mining tenement. | $249,500
Section 6-5. $249,500 of the interest in the mining tenement earned by Farmee Co is attributable to its provision of the exploration benefit. (See paragraphs 70 and 71 of this Ruling.) |
When Farmee Co exercises the right to acquire the interest in the mining tenement. |
Event | Assessable or deductible | Timing |
---|---|---|
5 Farmee Co completes the second tranche earn-in obligations and exercises the right to acquire that tranche. The exploration benefit and cash payment is proportionate to the percentage interest transferred. | ($500) under table item 1 of paragraph 40-185(1)(b)
($249,500) under table item 4 of paragraph 40-185(1)(b) $250,000 is the first element of cost of the interest in the mining tenement and immediately deductible if Farmee Co's 30% interest is first used for exploration or prospecting: subsections 40-25(1) and 40-80(1) (See paragraphs 64 to 68 of this Ruling.) |
When Farmee Co's 30% interest in the mining tenement is first used for exploration or prospecting if it is immediately deductible.
Alternatively, when the interest in the mining tenement starts to decline in value under subsection 40-25(1). (See paragraphs 65 to 68 of this Ruling.) |
6 Farmee Co provides an exploration benefit (on revenue account) to Farmor Co for which Farmee Co earns its second 30% interest in the mining tenement. | $249,500
section 6-5 $249,500 of the interest in the mining tenement earned by Farmee Co is attributable to its provision of the exploration benefit. (See paragraphs 70 and 71 of this Ruling.) |
When Farmee Co exercises the right to acquire the interest in the mining tenement.
(See paragraph 71 of this Ruling.) |
7 Farmee Co incurs exploration expenditure in the course of undertaking the exploration it committed to under the agreement. | ($1,650,000)
subsection 40-730(1) or section 8-1 (See paragraphs 69 and 72 of this Ruling.) |
As and when the expenditure is incurred. |
Summary | ($1,651,000) | Not applicable |
(c) In Table 13, in the first row, after 'Capital gain equals $1,000.', insert new footnote 73A:
73A A capital gain is made that is equal to the capital proceeds ($1,000) less the expenditure incurred in granting the right. This assumes that the expenditure incurred in granting the right is nil. Any capital gain made under CGT event D2 is subsequently disregarded to the extent that the right is exercised and the interest in the mining tenement is transferred to Farmee Co.
Omit (Table 3, paragraph 118).
In footnote 78, omit 'Goods and Services Tax Ruling GSTR 2001/6: non-monetary consideration'; substitute 'GSTR 2001/6'.
In footnote 82, omit 'Goods and Services Tax Ruling'.
(a) In the Detailed contents list, omit the following entries:
Class of arrangement/scheme | 13 |
(iii) The provision of the exploration benefit by the farmee and the transfer of an interest in the mining tenement by the farmor | 48 |
Table 1: Income Tax - Farmor Co | 117 |
Table 2: Income Tax - Farmee Co | 117 |
Table 3: GST outcomes for Farmor Co and Farmee Co | 118 |
Table 4: Income Tax - Farmor Co | 121 |
Table 5: Income Tax - Farmee Co | 121 |
GST outcomes for Farmor Co and Farmee Co | 122 |
Diagram 1 characterisation of a deferred transfer farm -out arrangement | 126 |
Diagram 2 usual income tax and GST consequences for right of use and access for exploration | 127 |
Diagram 3 usual income tax and GST consequences for the right to acquire the interest in the mining tenement after earn -in | 127 |
Diagram 4 usual income tax and GST consequences for the transfer of the interest in the mining tenement | 127 |
Diagram 5 consequences if there is no transfer of the interest in the mining tenement | 127 |
(b) In the Detailed contents list, insert the following entries:
Class of arrangement or scheme | 13 |
(iii) The provision of the exploration benefit by the farmee and the transfer of an interest in the mining tenement by the farmor | 48 |
This Addendum applies from before and after its date of issue, subject to the commencement and application provisions of each amending Act or Regulation to which it refers.
Commissioner of Taxation
20 November 2024
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