CHAPTER 6
-
INTERPRETING THIS ACT
PART 6-1
-
MEANING OF SOME IMPORTANT CONCEPTS
Division 1
-
Proceeds and instrument of an offence
SECTION 330
When property becomes, remains and ceases to be proceeds or an instrument
330(1)
Property becomes
proceeds
of an offence if:
(a)
the property is wholly or partly derived or realised from a disposal or other dealing with *proceeds of the offence; or
(b)
the property is wholly or partly acquired using proceeds of the offence; or
(c)
an *encumbrance or a security on, or a liability incurred to acquire, retain, maintain or make *improvements to, the property is wholly or partly discharged using proceeds of the offence; or
(d)
the costs of retaining, maintaining or making improvements to the property are wholly or partly met using proceeds of the offence; or
(e)
the property is improved using proceeds of the offence;
including because of one or more previous applications of this section.
History
S 330(1) substituted by No 21 of 2018, s 3 and Sch 1 item 6, applicable after 29 March 2018 in relation to:
(a) property that is wholly or partly derived or realised from a disposal or other dealing, before or after 29 March 2018, with property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of the
Proceeds of Crime Act 2002
as amended by those items); and
(b) property that is wholly or partly acquired, before or after 29 March 2018, using property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items); and
(c) property for which an encumbrance, security or liability is wholly or partly discharged, before or after 29 March 2018, using property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items); and
(d) property for which the costs of wholly or partly retaining, maintaining or improving are met, before or after 29 March 2018, using property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items); and
(e) property that is improved, before or after 29 March 2018, using proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items).
S 330(1) formerly read:
330(1)
Property becomes
*
proceeds of an offence if it is:
(a)
wholly or partly derived or realised from a disposal or other dealing with proceeds of the offence; or
(b)
wholly or partly acquired using proceeds of the offence;
including because of a previous application of this section.
330(2)
Property becomes an
instrument
of an offence if:
(a)
the property is wholly or partly derived or realised from the disposal or other dealing with an *instrument of the offence; or
(b)
the property is wholly or partly acquired using an instrument of the offence; or
(c)
an *encumbrance or a security on, or a liability incurred to acquire, retain, maintain or make *improvements to, the property is wholly or partly discharged using an instrument of the offence; or
(d)
the costs of retaining, maintaining or making improvements to the property are wholly or partly met using an instrument of the offence; or
(e)
the property is improved using an instrument of the offence;
including because of one or more previous applications of this section.
History
S 330(2) substituted by No 21 of 2018, s 3 and Sch 1 item 6, applicable after 29 March 2018 in relation to:
(a) property that is wholly or partly derived or realised from a disposal or other dealing, before or after 29 March 2018, with property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of the
Proceeds of Crime Act 2002
as amended by those items); and
(b) property that is wholly or partly acquired, before or after 29 March 2018, using property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items); and
(c) property for which an encumbrance, security or liability is wholly or partly discharged, before or after 29 March 2018, using property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items); and
(d) property for which the costs of wholly or partly retaining, maintaining or improving are met, before or after 29 March 2018, using property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items); and
(e) property that is improved, before or after 29 March 2018, using proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items).
S 330(2) formerly read:
330(2)
Property becomes an
*
instrument of an offence if it is:
(a)
wholly or partly derived or realised from the disposal or other dealing with an instrument of the offence; or
(b)
wholly or partly acquired using an instrument of the offence;
including because of a previous application of this section.
330(3)
Property remains
proceeds
of an offence or an
instrument
of an offence even if:
(a)
it is credited to an
*
account; or
(b)
it is disposed of or otherwise dealt with.
History
S 330(3) amended by No 21 of 2018, s 3 and Sch 1 item 7, by substituting
"
proceeds
of an offence or an
instrument
"
for
"
*proceeds of an offence or an *instrument
"
, applicable after 29 March 2018 in relation to:
(a) property that is wholly or partly derived or realised from a disposal or other dealing, before or after 29 March 2018, with property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of the
Proceeds of Crime Act 2002
as amended by those items); and
(b) property that is wholly or partly acquired, before or after 29 March 2018, using property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items); and
(c) property for which an encumbrance, security or liability is wholly or partly discharged, before or after 29 March 2018, using property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items); and
(d) property for which the costs of wholly or partly retaining, maintaining or improving are met, before or after 29 March 2018, using property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items); and
(e) property that is improved, before or after 29 March 2018, using proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items).
330(4)
Property only ceases to be
proceeds
of an offence or an
instrument
of an offence:
(a)
if it is acquired by a third party for
*
sufficient consideration without the third party knowing, and in circumstances that would not arouse a reasonable suspicion, that the property was proceeds of an offence or an instrument of an offence (as the case requires); or
(b)
if the property vests in a person from the distribution of the estate of a deceased person, having been previously vested in a person from the distribution of the estate of another deceased person while the property was still proceeds of an offence or an instrument of an offence (as the case requires); or
(ba)
if the property has been distributed in accordance with:
(i)
an order in proceedings under the
Family Law Act 1975
with respect to the property of the parties to a marriage or either of them; or
(ia)
an order in proceedings under the
Family Law Act 1975
with respect to the property of the parties to a de facto relationship (within the meaning of that Act) or either of them; or
(ii)
a financial agreement, or Part
VIIIAB
financial agreement, within the meaning of that Act; or a superannuation agreement within the meaning of Part
VIIIC
of that Act
and 6 years have elapsed since that distribution; or
(c)
if the property is acquired by a person as payment for reasonable legal expenses incurred in connection with an application under this Act or defending a criminal
*
charge; or
(d)
if a
*
forfeiture order in respect of the property is satisfied; or
(e)
if the property is forfeited, confiscated or otherwise disposed of under a *corresponding law (whether or not because of an order made under that law); or
(f)
if the property is otherwise sold or disposed of under this Act; or
(g)
in any other circumstances specified in the regulations.
History
S 330(4) amended by No 112 of 2020, s 3 and Sch 3 item 69, by inserting
"
or a superannuation agreement within the meaning of Part VIIIC of that Act
"
in para (ba)(ii), effective 28 September 2022. No 112 of 2020, s 3 and Sch 4 item 6 contains the following transitional provision:
…
Part 5
-
Transitional rules
6 Transitional rules
(1)
The Minister may, by legislative instrument, make rules prescribing matters of a transitional nature (including prescribing any saving or application provisions) relating to the amendments or repeals made by this Act.
(2)
Without limiting subitem (1), rules made under this item before the end of the period of 12 months starting on the day this Schedule commences may provide that provisions of this Act, or any other Act or instrument, have effect with any modifications prescribed by the rules. Those provisions then have effect as if they were so modified.
(3)
Subsection 12(2) (retrospective application of legislative instruments) of the
Legislation Act 2003
does not apply in relation to rules made under this item before the end of the period of 12 months starting on the day this Schedule commences.
(4)
To avoid doubt, the rules may not do the following:
(a)
create an offence or civil penalty;
(b)
provide powers of:
(i)
arrest or detention; or
(ii)
entry, search or seizure;
(c)
impose a tax;
(d)
set an amount to be appropriated from the Consolidated Revenue Fund under an appropriation in this Act;
(e)
directly amend the text of this Act.
(5)
This Schedule (other than subitem (4)) does not limit the rules that may be made under this item.
S 330(4) amended by No 21 of 2018, s 3 and Sch 1 item 8, by substituting
"
proceeds
of an offence or an
instrument
"
for
"
*proceeds of an offence or an *instrument
"
, applicable after 29 March 2018 in relation to:
(a) property that is wholly or partly derived or realised from a disposal or other dealing, before or after 29 March 2018, with property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of the
Proceeds of Crime Act 2002
as amended by those items); and
(b) property that is wholly or partly acquired, before or after 29 March 2018, using property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items); and
(c) property for which an encumbrance, security or liability is wholly or partly discharged, before or after 29 March 2018, using property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items); and
(d) property for which the costs of wholly or partly retaining, maintaining or improving are met, before or after 29 March 2018, using property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items); and
(e) property that is improved, before or after 29 March 2018, using proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items).
S 330(4) amended by No 153 of 2015, s 3 and Sch 14 item 1, by substituting para (e), applicable whether the forfeiture, confiscation or other disposal occurred before, on or after 27 November 2015. Para (e) formerly read:
(e)
if an
*
interstate restraining order or an
*
interstate forfeiture order is satisfied in respect of the property; or
330(5)
However, if:
(a)
a person once owned property that was
*
proceeds of an offence or an
*
instrument of an offence; and
(b)
the person ceased to be the owner of the property and (at that time or a later time) the property stopped being proceeds of an offence or an instrument of the offence under subsection
(4)
(other than under paragraph
(4)(d)
); and
(c)
the person acquires the property again;
then the property becomes
proceeds
of an offence or an
instrument
of the offence again (as the case requires).
History
S 330(5) amended by No 21 of 2018, s 3 and Sch 1 item 9, by substituting
"
becomes
proceeds
of an offence or an
instrument
"
for
"
becomes proceeds of an offence or an instrument
"
, applicable after 29 March 2018 in relation to:
(a) property that is wholly or partly derived or realised from a disposal or other dealing, before or after 29 March 2018, with property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of the
Proceeds of Crime Act 2002
as amended by those items); and
(b) property that is wholly or partly acquired, before or after 29 March 2018, using property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items); and
(c) property for which an encumbrance, security or liability is wholly or partly discharged, before or after 29 March 2018, using property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items); and
(d) property for which the costs of wholly or partly retaining, maintaining or improving are met, before or after 29 March 2018, using property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items); and
(e) property that is improved, before or after 29 March 2018, using proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items).
330(5A)
Paragraph
(4)(ba)
does not apply if, despite the distribution referred to in that paragraph, the property is still subject to the
*
effective control of a person who:
(a)
has been convicted of; or
(b)
has been charged with, or who is proposed to be charged with; or
(c)
has committed, or is suspected of having committed;
the offence in question.
330(6)
Property becomes, remains or ceases to be
proceeds
of an *unlawful activity, or an
instrument
of an unlawful activity, if the property becomes, remains or ceases to be proceeds of the offence, or an instrument of the offence, constituted by the act or omission that constitutes the unlawful activity.
History
S 330(6) amended by No 21 of 2018, s 3 and Sch 1 item 10, by substituting
"
proceeds
of an *unlawful activity, or an
instrument
"
for
"
*proceeds of an *unlawful activity, or an *instrument
"
, applicable after 29 March 2018 in relation to:
(a) property that is wholly or partly derived or realised from a disposal or other dealing, before or after 29 March 2018, with property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of the
Proceeds of Crime Act 2002
as amended by those items); and
(b) property that is wholly or partly acquired, before or after 29 March 2018, using property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items); and
(c) property for which an encumbrance, security or liability is wholly or partly discharged, before or after 29 March 2018, using property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items); and
(d) property for which the costs of wholly or partly retaining, maintaining or improving are met, before or after 29 March 2018, using property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items); and
(e) property that is improved, before or after 29 March 2018, using proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items).
330(7)
Paragraphs (1)(a) to (e) and (2)(a) to (e) do not limit each other.
History
S 330(7) inserted by No 21 of 2018, s 3 and Sch 1 item 11, applicable after 29 March 2018 in relation to:
(a) property that is wholly or partly derived or realised from a disposal or other dealing, before or after 29 March 2018, with property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of the
Proceeds of Crime Act 2002
as amended by those items); and
(b) property that is wholly or partly acquired, before or after 29 March 2018, using property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items); and
(c) property for which an encumbrance, security or liability is wholly or partly discharged, before or after 29 March 2018, using property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items); and
(d) property for which the costs of wholly or partly retaining, maintaining or improving are met, before or after 29 March 2018, using property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items); and
(e) property that is improved, before or after 29 March 2018, using proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items).
330(8)
This section does not limit section
329
.
History
S 330(8) inserted by No 21 of 2018, s 3 and Sch 1 item 11, applicable after 29 March 2018 in relation to:
(a) property that is wholly or partly derived or realised from a disposal or other dealing, before or after 29 March 2018, with property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of the
Proceeds of Crime Act 2002
as amended by those items); and
(b) property that is wholly or partly acquired, before or after 29 March 2018, using property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items); and
(c) property for which an encumbrance, security or liability is wholly or partly discharged, before or after 29 March 2018, using property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items); and
(d) property for which the costs of wholly or partly retaining, maintaining or improving are met, before or after 29 March 2018, using property that is proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items); and
(e) property that is improved, before or after 29 March 2018, using proceeds or an instrument of an offence (within the meaning of that Act as amended by those items).